Brian Eugenio Herrera named and effectively
described a concept I had not allowed my mind to fully realize before reading his
article, “But do We Have the Actors for That?’: Some Principles of Practice for
Staging Latinx Plays in a University Theatre Context. Although it became clearer
to me through this reading and our class discussion, Patricia Ybarra is owed
credit for introducing the term “Coalitional Casting” to my ears and
consequently the multitudes of theatre goers and theatre makers who support the
deployment of what Herrera calls, “ethnic surrogation as a strategic means of
underscoring the structural gaps that exist within the American theatre.”
There are so many strong points worth
repeating for the sake of exposure and further discussion. In order to limit the
branches on this tree, let’s answer just a few of Osi’s questions.
1)
Herrera offers that the
coalitional casting approach can effectively balance out “privilege to amplify
awareness of racial and ethnic inequality rather than efface.” I don’t disagree
with what I gather is his intention and motivation for saying this. However, I disagree
if we are considering this balance could be attainable through this means over
the course of one lifetime.
In trying to answer
this question, I found myself torn by the word “privilege,” to which I found an
article from the New York Times Magazine, July 14, 2015 entitled, “How ‘Privilege’
Became Provocation.”
In
this article Parul Sehgal approaches privilege from several vantage points stating,
“It’s the fumbling hope that acknowledging privilege could offer some temporary
absolution for having it”, privilege was “intended to be an enticement to
action, and it is still hopeful, if depleted and a little lost. It is
emblematic of the kinds of pressures we put on language, our stubborn belief
that the right word can be both a diagnosis and a cure”, and “privilege stains.
Which might explain why this word pricks and ‘opportunity’ and ‘advantage’ don’t.
‘I can choose to not act racist, but I can’t choose to not be privileged,” a
friend once told me with alarm.”
The
most poignant picture for me was Parul’s offering of a commencement speech by
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at Wellesley College where she, a highly-educated
woman didn’t emphasize how the graduates had been helped by their education,
but how they had been hindered by it. She told them, “she hadn’t always been
alert to the ‘nuances’ of people who were different from her. ‘Privilege
blinds, because it’s in its nature to blind,’ she said. ‘Don’t let it blind you
too often. Sometimes you will need to push it aside in order to see clearly.’”
It
is an unfathomable chasm from which to rebound in order to truly find equality
of race and equality of the social system. It would take many lifetimes to begin
to identify, name, and remove pieces of privilege as it stands currently, and
that is if each and every one of us is diligent in the doing.
This
does not in any way remove my desire to be a part of the movement of improvement
for the sake of this generation and all generations to come. Privilege is
relatively ubiquitous to the point of being “baked into the cake” [thank you
Dr. Fletcher for this helpful visual] of society. To un-stir or un-bake this
inequality seems impossible, though innovators like Ybarra and Herrera help the
movement gain teeth by describing, naming, and offering possible solutions
while presenting our obligations as much as our opportunities in this movement
when we are faced with the decisions in whatever role we play (director,
castor, actor, audience member, etc.).
So, I
ask you: If you do not understand what privilege you currently have and
unconsciously choose to entertain, how can you, whomever you are, truly find
equality.
2)
It didn’t occur to me
prior to this week’s readings. However, I am wrestling with directorial
decisions I made in the spring of 2016. I was hired to direct the spring musical
at a school that was new to me. The first decisions deal with “what musical?”
That affects not only the moral and interest based on what’s popular in the
school but also if students have knowledge of that particular musical or
similar musicals in the same style or time period. My decision was primarily
made using the pieces that are most important to me for the sake of the
students.
A)
Getting as many
students involved as possible (so long as there is financial and personnel
support).
B)
Knowing the talent
pool, hierarchy of what’s been done and why, loyalty issues, and how much you
must ‘do as the Romans do.’
C)
What shows, styles, and
experience opportunities haven’t been given to the students yet.
D)
Cost of rights for the
show.
In considering
these, I found that there was a large amount of highly talented acting men that
needed to be represented and a younger level of singing ability due to average
age and experience of the choral singers who planned to audition. So, I went to
work looking for a large show, with lots of heavier acting male roles, but with
well written music that was accessible for the beginner or intermediate (younger)
musicians. FIDDLER ON THE ROOF was a unanimous hit! We got more than fifty
students actively involved and there was a lot of talent and heart in the
project.
Here’s the
kicker: The majority of the population of the school was Hispanic. Golde was
played by a very tall, talented, white girl, but beyond that, most of the cast
was very different than the original Broadway cast. None of them could grow
beards (which was a definite strain on our budget, trying to stick to the
facial hair of the religion and culture) or speak Yiddish, nor did they
understand much about the history or culture of this play though I facilitated
as much as their time and patience would let me.
Did I
misrepresent the show by choosing and directing it with a demographic of
students that wasn’t physically, culturally, or experientially authentic? Did I
imbed in them anything other than a love for a story that is worth experiencing
and re-telling for an audience to experience? It in many ways is a universal
story of suffering and a challenge to find what is most important to you in
life, to not take anything for granted. But these articles and this
conversation made me question the nuances of my choices, what I’m still proud
of and what I may no longer be proud of in my casting choices, in my show
choices, and in what I represent when I make any decisions. I am more aware,
and for that I am grateful. I am most thankful for the continued discussion and
the compassion for us to move forward with the conversation that I will name: the
movement of improvement.
Dr. Ybarra’s term, “coalitional casting,” is one that I have been wrestling with since we read Herrera’s article. While well-intentioned casting can occur in this ideology, I think that it also can lead to laziness in casting or excuses for not trying hard enough to find someone who is appropriate for the role. You and I have had similar paths in some of our teaching and directing, particularly in working with middle and high school students in the drama departments clubs. Often, I’ve experienced (as it seems you have), that we are handed the students and the play/musical we’re supposed to direct via contract before we’ve even stepped foot on campus. We are rarely, if ever, privy to the conversation had over choosing the play or in how many students we are required to take part in the play. It’s usually like, “Here’s a school-friendly version of Taming of the Shrew and 80 kids- Go!” which is not ideal for sooo many reasons.
ReplyDeleteI know it wasn’t your intent to misrepresent the show, and I don’t think you did, because this was educational theatre. But, you can but your bottom dollar that if you had cast the show with non-Jewish actors in the professional world, that you would have gotten some kick-back. Because when choice of show and casting is in your hands, you must act responsibly. Complacency in casting has been so prevalent in the theatre world for so long now. I‘ve found so many cases of casting someone because it was easy (like casting someone who just happened to be a part of the theatre company and who will work for cheap) instead of putting in the work. Again, in the K-12 world, you had no say over the show selection or casting. But it’s something to be aware of if a regional house offers you the opportunity to direct.
I think what we must do as educators is to be honest with our students and to advocate for diversity in what we direct and in who we cast. I think it would have been just fine to have that conversation with your Fiddler students and recognize “the orange person in the room”- i.e., “hey guys, in the professional world, we would have sought out actors who come from a background in Judaism,” etc. And also, while you discussed the idea of introducing the culture and history that are so beautifully celebrated in Fiddler as “their time and patience” would let you- fuck it. It’s your job to inform them. If they’re bored or impatient, too bad- they need to understand why the show was written. They need to understand that the importance of making art goes beyond the fact that the school or their parents are “making them” do this. It’s time to quit being nice, and to get real with these kids. Kids aren’t dumb. They’ll respect us for it. Moreover, we can’t be afraid of gatekeepers and school administrators. Which is tricky, I know, as often our livelihood depends on this. But, if you are truly committed to the “movement for improvement,” you must be brave and vigilant. I told my students, when I was essentially told I had to direct Shrew, that the play was misogynistic. When several of them didn’t know what that meant, we had a long conversation about it. It raised a few parental eyebrows, but when the principal asked me about it, I defended my position and she respected that. She offered up the idea that they would no longer look at that play when deciding which Shakespearean piece to do in their Spring program. It was a little victory, but a good one nonetheless.
I wandered away from the idea of race a bit there and went more into the content of what we direct. But my position of advocating for the enlightenment of our students is the same. If we utilize coalitional casting, we need to identify to them that that is indeed what we are doing. We’ve shied away from the conversations for too long. Give yourself permission to wholly communicate.
I appreciate your take, face palmed for having written a response and then hit the wrong button and lost it all, and prefer not to rewrite the whole thing at this point. Suffice it to say it is our responsibility to educate, regardless of the situation presented to us. It is impossible if we do not take the step to make the information palatable to our audience(be it the students working on the piece or the community members coming to see the piece), but that different shows and cultural demographics can offer differing levels of positive response in this regard. Fiddler is a beautiful score, script, and story with themes that can be relatable to communities of people today. It is a story worth experiencing. In a location where, I venture to guess, not a single student was jewish, a large number of students have been given a taste of the conversation so that, I hope, they are more equipped to engage in further conversations as they are exposed to them. This, as you said, we have shied away from for too long. I hope I have given them permission to engage in the conversation, to communicate.
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